• Public Transportation
• Road Safety
• Human Factors - Driving Behaviour
• Intelligent Transportation Systems
• Traffic Flow Modelling
• Traffic Operations and Management

• CE 111 - Engineering Drawing (Tutorial)
• CE 213 - Fluid Mechanics
• CE 318 - Construction Planning and Management
• CE 324 - Transportation Engineering
• CE 491 - Design Studio
• CE 291 - Fluid Mechanics Laboratory
• CE 392 - Transportation Engineering Laboratory
• CE 507 - Civil Engineering Design - I
• CE 543 - Traffic Engineering and Highway Safety
• CE 554 - Traffic Flow Theory

Institute level

1. Professor In-Charge for Cultural Affairs, IIT Patna, Jan 2024 - jun 2024
2. Professor In-Charge for Cultural, E-Cell and Technical Affairs, IIT Patna, Jun 2023 - Jan 2024
3. Professor In-Charge for Cultural Affairs, IIT Patna, Sep 2022 - Jun 2023
4. Professor In-Charge for NSS, IIT Patna, Nov 2021 - Mar 2023
5. Associate Professor In-Charge for 9th Convocation, IIT Patna, Dec 2022
6. Professor In-Charge for Landscaping, IIT Patna, Aug 2019 - Aug 2021
7. Institute Representative, JEE (Adv.)-2020, 2021, 2022; GATE: 2022

Department Level

1. Lab Incharge, Transportation Engineering Specialization, March 2023 - till date
2. Faculty Advisor for B.Tech. (2024-28)
3. Faculty In-Charge, ASCE Student Chapter, IIT Patna, Sep 2022 - till date
4. Member, Department Academic Program Committee (DAPC), Sep 2020 - till date
5. Shortlisting Committee for Staff Recruitment (JTS and JM), Aug 2023
6. Faculty In-Charge, Association of Civil Engineers (ACE), IIT Patna, Nov 2020 - Feb 2023
7. In-Charge for Faculty Meeting, Mar 2021 - Feb 2023
8. Member, Departmental Purchase Committee (DPC), May 2020 - till date
9. Faculty Advisor for M. Tech (2020-22)

1. International Travel Grant from the Department of Science and Technology to attend 16th WCTR, Montreal, Canada. July 2023.
2. International Travel Grant from the Department of Science and Technology to attend 97th Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting, Washington D.C., USA. January 2018.
3. Merit-based Institute Pre-Doctoral Fellowship from IIT Madras, December 2016 - June 2017.
4. Institute Research Award from Indian Institute of Technology Madras in recognition of quality and quantity of work done, April 2017.
5. Best Paper award in IEEE ICITE conference, Singapore, August 2016.
6. Best PhD Student award for all-around performance from the Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Madras, April 2016.
7. Best Paper Award in 3rd CTRG, Kolkata, December 2015.
8. Merit-based monthly scholarship from MHRD, Govt. of India, July 2012 - December 2016.
9. Gold Medal from Bharat Institute of Engineering and Technology for undergraduate performance, 2012.

1. Affiliate Member, American Society of Civil Engineers (#12313006)
2. Life Member, Indian Roads Congress (#102665)
3. Life Member, Transportation Research Group of India (#20144)
4. Member, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (#95665888)

1. Banik, S., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. Travel Time Reliability. International Encyclopedia of Transportation, edited by Roger Vickerman, Elsevier, 2021, Pages 109-121
2. Sashank Y., N.A. Navali, A. Bhanuprakash, B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2020) Calibration of SUMO for Indian Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. In: Arkatkar S., Velmurugan S., Verma A. (eds) Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 69, pp 199-214. Springer, Singapore. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3742-4 13

Granted

1. Kumar, B.A., A. Achar, D. Bharathi, L. Vanajakshi and R. Jayaprakash. A Seasonal Modelling Approach Capturing Spatio-Temporal Correlations for Dynamic Bus Travel Time Prediction. Patent No: 442700.
2. Vanajakshi, L., B.A. Kumar, and M.A. Nithishwer. A Method and System for Predicting a Vehicle Travel Time. Patent No. 501967.
3. Achar, A., B.A. Kumar, B. Dhibyabharathi, L. Vanajakshi and R. Jayaprakash. Prediction of Travel Time of Vehicles. Patent No. 510184.
4.  Achar, A., R. Rohith, B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi and R. Jayaprakash. Bus Travel Time Prediction capturing Non-linear Spatial Correlations using Support Vector Machines. Patent No. 515541.
5. Vanajakshi, L., B. Dhibyabharathi, B.A. Kumar, A. Achar, and R. Jayaprakash. Time Series Model based Prediction of Travel Time. Patent No. 541168

Filed

1. Achar, A., R. Rohith, B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi and R. Jayaprakash. Bus Travel Time Prediction exploiting Non-linear Correlations. Ref. #: 201921037662

Refereed Journals:

1. Kushwaha, A.K., K. Shinde, and B.A. Kumar. (2024). Fuzzy Probabilistic Approach to Identify Driving Behaviour of Two-Wheeler Drivers under Mixed Traffic Conditions. IEEE Access. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3406195.
2. Kushwaha, A.K. and B.A. Kumar. (2023). Rule Based First Principles Approach to Identify Safe/Unsafe Behavior of Two-Wheeler Drivers under Mixed Traffic Conditions. IEEE Access. DOI: 10.1109/ ACCESS.2023.3262292.
3. Singh, A., S. Banik, B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi and L. Rilett. (2023). Impact of COVID-19 related Travel Restrictions on the Environment and Travel Time Reliability. ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems. (In Press).
4. Banik, S., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2022). Stream Travel Time Reliability using GPS Equipped Probe Vehicles. Current Science, Indian Academy of Sciences. Vol. 123(9), pp. 1107-1116, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v123/i9/1107-1116
5. Achar, A., A. Natarajan, R. Regikumar and B.A. Kumar. (2022). Predicting Public Transit Arrival: A Nonlinear Approach. Transportation Research Part-C: Emerging Technologies. Vol. 144, DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2022.103875.
6. Nair, G.K., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2022). Mapping Bus and Stream Travel Time using Machine Learning Approaches. Journal of Advanced Transportation. vol. 2022, Article ID 9743070, DOI: 10.1155/2022/9743070.
7. Gracious, R., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2022). Performance Evaluation of Passenger Information Systems. Transportation in Developing Economies: A Journal of the Transportation Research Group of India, Vol. 8(4), DOI:10.1007/s40890-021-00140-5.
8. Kumar, B.A., K.K. Reddy and L. Vanajakshi. (2021). Bus Travel Time Prediction using Support Vector Machines for High Variance Conditions. Transport. Vol. 36(3), pp. 221-234, DOI:10.3846/ transport.2021.15220
9. Nithishwer, M.A., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi. (2021). Deep Learning - Just Data or Domain Related Knowledge adds Value?: Bus Travel Time Prediction as a Case Study. Transportation Letters: The International Journal of Transportation Research, DOI: 10.1080/194278 67.2021.1952042
10. Shalayar, A.K., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2021). Analysis of Global Positioning System based Bus Travel Time Data and its use for Advanced Public Transportation System Applications. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technology, Planning and Operations. Vol. 25(1), pp. 58-76, DOI: 10.1080/15472450.2020.1754818
11. Gracious, R., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. (2021). Characterizing Bus Travel Time using Big Data Visualization Techniques. Transportation in Developing Economies: A Journal of the Transportation Research Group of India. Vol. 7(1), DOI : 10.1007/s40890-020-00109-w.
12. Kumar, B.A., R. Gracious, C. Gangrade and L. Vanajakshi. (2020). City Level Route Planning with Time Dependent Networks. Current Science, Indian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 119(4), pp. 700-711. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v111/i4/700-711.
13. Kumar, B.A., S. Mothukuri and L. Vanajakshi. (2020). Numerical Stability of Conservation Equation for Bus Travel Time Prediction using Automatic Vehicle Location Data. International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research. Vol. 19, pp. 141–154. DOI: 10.1007/s13177-020-00230-5.
14. Dhivyabharathi, B., B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi and A. Achar. (2020). Bus Arrival Time Prediction using Log-normal Auto-Regressive (AR) Modelling. Transportmetrica A: Transport Science. Vol. 16(3), pp. 807-839, DOI: 10.1080/23249935.2020.1720864.
15. Kumar, B.A., H. Prasath, L. Vanajakshi. Dynamic Bus Scheduling based on Real-Time Demand and Travel Time. International Journal of Civil Engineering. (In press)
16. Kumar, B.A., K.K. Reddy, and L. Vanajakshi. Bus Travel Time Prediction using Support Vector Machines for High Variance Conditions. Transport. (In press).
17. Achar, A., D. Bharathi, B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi. (2019). Bus Arrival Time Prediction: A Spatial Kalman Filter Approach. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, pp. 1-10, DOI: 10.1109/TITS.2019.2909314
18. Jairam, R., B.A. Kumar, S. Arkatkar, and L. Vanajakshi. (2018). Performance Comparison of Bus Travel Time Prediction Models across Indian Cities. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. Vol. 2672(31), pp. 87-98, DOI: 10.1177/0361198118770175.
19. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian. (2018). A Hybrid Model Based Method for Bus Travel Time Estimation. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems: Technology, Planning, and Operations. Vol. 22(5), pp. 390-406, DOI: 10.1080/15472450. 2017.1378102.
20. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian. (2017). Bus Travel Time Prediction using a Time-Space Discretization Approach. Transportation Research Part-C: Emerging Technologies. Vol. 79, pp. 308-332, DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2017.04.002.
21. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian. (2017). Pattern-Based Time-Discretized Method for Bus Travel Time Prediction. Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems, ASCE, Vol. 143(6), pp. 04017012:1-15, DOI: 10.1061/JTEPBS.0000029.
22. Kumar, B.A., R. Jairam, L. Vanajakshi, and S. Arkatkar. (2017). Real Time Bus Travel Time Prediction using k-NN Classifier. Transportation Letters: The International Journal of Transportation Research, DOI: 10.1080/19427867.2017.1366120.
23. Kumar, B.A., V. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian. (2017). Performance Comparison of Data Driven and Less Data Demanding Techniques for Bus Travel Time Prediction. European Transport, Vol. 65(9), ISSN: 1825-3997.
24. Behera, R., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi. (2017). Real Time Identification of Inputs for a BATP Systems using Data Analytics. International Journal of Civil Engineering. Vol. 15(8), pp. 1173-1185, DOI: 10.1007/s40999-017-0210-y.
25. Dhivyabharathi, B., B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi, and M. Panda. (2017). Particle Filter for Reliable Bus Travel Time Prediction under Indian Traffic Conditions. Transportation in Developing Economies: Journal of Transportation Research Group of India. Vol. 3(13). DOI: 10.1007/s40890-017-0043-z.
26. Reddy, K.K., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi. (2016). Bus Travel Time Prediction under High Variability Conditions. Current Science, Indian Academy of Sciences, Vol. 111, pp. 700-711. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v111/i4/700-711.
27. Kumar, B.A., S. Mothukuri, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian. (2015). Analytical Approach to Identify the Optimum Inputs for a Bus Travel Time Prediction Method. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, Vol. 2535, pp. 25-34, DOI: 10.3141/2535-03.

International Conference Proceedings:

1. Kushwaha, A., K. Prakash, B.A. Kumar. Analysis of Truck Driver Behavior using Factor Analysis – A Study of Drivers from Bihar, India. 105th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board. Washington D.C., USA. 05-09 Jan 2025.
2. Kushwaha, A., H. Arora, and B.A. Kumar. Deep Embedded Clustering Methods for Identifying Driving Safety Profiles from GPS Data. 104th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research
   Board. Washington D.C., USA. 07-11 Jan 2024.
3. Jaiswal, R., M.K. Jha, and B.A. Kumar. Impact of COVID-19 on Roadway Travel Behavior: A Comparative Study of the States of Washington and Maryland, USA. 7th Conference of
   Transportation Research Group of India. 17-20 December 2023, Surat, India.
4. Jha, M.K. R. Jaiswal and B.A. Kumar. A Bi-Layered Machine Learning Model for Travel-Time Prediction along a Congested Section of I-495, USA. 7th Conference of Transportation Research Group of India. 17-20 December 2023, Surat, India.
5. Jaiswal, R., B.A. Kumar and M.K. Jha. A Statistical and Machine Learning Framework for Measuring the Economic Impact of Reduced Travel due to COVID-19 in Maryland. The 16^th World Conference on Transport Research, 17 - 21 July, 2023 in Montr´eal, Qu´ebec, Canada.
6. Jha, M.K., D.S.K Varma, R. Jaiswal, S. Rankavat and B.A. Kumar. A Machine Learning Approach to Traffic Congestion Hotspot Identification and Prediction. The 16th World Conference on Transport Research, Montr´eal, Qu´ebec, Canada, 17 - 21 July, 2023.
7. Pandey, P.K., H. Arora and B.A. Kumar. Development of Driving Cycles for Electric Buses in Patna, India. 8th International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems. Nice, France, 14-16 June 2023.
8. Jha, M.K., N.Wanko, B.A. Kumar.. A Machine Learning-based Active Learning Framework to Capture Risk and Uncertainty in Transportation Construction Project Scheduling, Transportation Infrastructure Projects : Conception to Execution, IIT Roorkee, 14-17 Sep 2022.
9. Banik, S., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. Stream Travel Time Reliability using GPS Equipped Probe Vehicles. 100th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board,Washington D.C., USA, 21-29 Jan 2021.
10. Reddy, S. and B.A. Kumar. Travel Time Variability Analysis of Public Transit Buses using GPS Data. 13th International Conference on Transportation Planning and Implementation Methodologies for Developing Countries (TPMDC), IIT Bombay, 10-11 Dec 2020.
11. Nithishwer, M., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. Application of Deep Learning for Bus Travel Time Prediction. 12th International Conference on COMmunication Systems & NETworkS: Intelligent Transportation Systems Workshop, Bengaluru, India, 7-11 Jan 2020.
12. Gracious, R., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. Performance Evaluation of Passenger Information Systems. 5th Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India, Transportation Research Group of India, Bhopal, India, 18-21 December 2019.
13. Gracious, R., B.A. Kumar and L. Vanajakshi. Characterizing Bus Travel Time using Big Data Visualization Techniques. 5th Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India, Transportation Research Group of India, Bhopal, India, 18-21 December 2019
14. Kumar, B.A., A. Achar, Dhivya Bharathi and L. Vanajakshi. A Seasonal Modelling Approach Capturing Spatio-Temporal Correlations for Dynamic Bus Travel Time Prediction. 2019 22^nd IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference - ITSC 2019, Auckland, New Zealand, 27-30 October 2019, pp. 503-508, DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917055.
15. Narayanan, A., C. Pranesh, S. Nagavarapu, B.A. Kumar and J. Dauwles. Data-driven Models for Short-term Travel Time Prediction. 2019 22nd IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference - ITSC 2019, Auckland, New Zealand, 27-30 October 2019, pp. 1941-1946, DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2019.8917456.
16. Achar, A., R. Regikuamr, and B.A. Kumar, Dynamic Bus Arrival Time Prediction exploiting Non-linear Correlations. The 2019 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Budapest, Hungary, 14-19 July 2019.
17. Kumar, B.A., H. Prasath, and L. Vanajakshi, Demand and Travel Time Responsive Real-Time Bus Scheduling. 98^th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C., USA, 13-17 Jan 2019.
18. George, R., B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Traffic Density Estimation under Lane Indisciplined Conditions using Strips along the Road Width. 11^th International Conference on COMmunication Systems & NETworkS: Intelligent Transportation Systems Workshop, Bengaluru, India, 7-11 Jan 2019.
19. Jairam, R., B.A. Kumar, S. Arkatkar, and L. Vanajakshi, Performance Comparison of Bus Travel Time Prediction Models across Indian Cities. 97^th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington D.C., USA, 07-11 Jan 2018.
20. Kumar, B.A., V. Kumar, K.K. Reddy, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Bus Travel Time Prediction using Machine Learning Approaches. Indo-US workshop on Big Data Analysis for Transportation Engineering Systems, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India, 05-06 December 2016.
21. Dhivyabharathi, B., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi, Real Time Bus Arrival Time Prediction System under Indian Traffic Condition. 2016 IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Engineering (ICITE), IEEE, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. pp. 18-22, 20-22 August 2016.
22. Kumar, B.A. and L. Vanajakshi, Use of Data Mining for Improved Bus Travel Time Prediction. 4^th CEW, TU Delft, Delft, The Netherlands, 29 Jun - 1 Jul 2016.
23. Reddy, J.K.K., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi, Bus Travel Time Prediction using Support Vector Machines for High Variance Conditions. 95^th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington. D.C., USA, 07-11 January 2016.
24. Reddy, K.K., B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi, Bus Travel Time Prediction using Support Vector Machines. 3^rd Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India, Transportation Research Group of India, Kolkata, India, 17-20 December 2015.
25. Dhivyabharathi, B., B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi, and M. Panda, Particle Filter for Reliable Bus Travel Time Prediction under Indian Traffic Conditions. 3^rd Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India, Transportation Research Group of India, Kolkata, India, 17-20 December 2015.
26. Kumar, B.A., S. Mothukuri, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Analytical Approach to Identify the Optimum Inputs for a Bus Travel Time Prediction Method. 94^th Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington. D.C., USA, 11-15 January 2015.
27. Kumar, B.A., S. Mothukuri, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, A Spatio-Temporal Discretization Approach for Real Time Bus Travel Time Prediction Using A Linear Traffic Model. 11^th Transportation Planning and Implementation Methodologies for Developing Countries, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India, 10-12 December 2014.
28. Kumar, V., B.A. Kumar, L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Comparison of Model based and Machine Learning Approaches for Bus Travel Time Prediction. 93^rd Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington. D.C., USA., 12-16 January 2014.
29. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Pattern-Based Bus Travel Time Prediction under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. 93^rd Annual Meeting of Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Washington. D.C., USA, 12-16 January 2014.
30. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Day-Wise Travel Time Pattern Analysis under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. 2^nd Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India, Transportation Research Group of India, Agra, India, 12-15 December 2013.
31.  

National Conference Proceedings:

1. Kumar, B.A., L. Vanajakshi, and S.C. Subramanian, Pattern-Based Spatial Formulation for Bus Travel Time Prediction under Mixed Traffic Conditions. Colloquium on Transportation Systems Engineering and Management, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut, India, 12-13 May 2014.
2. Sashank, Y., A.N. Navali, A.B. Prakash, B.A. Kumar, and L. Vanajakshi, Calibration of SUMO for Indian Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions. Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering, Sardar Vallabhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, India, 09-11 August 2018.

Technical Reports:

1. Vanajakshi, L., S.C. Subramanian, A.Koppineni, K. Chaitanya, K. Siddharth, R. Behera, R.P.S. Padmanabhan, S.V. Kumar, and B.A. Kumar. Development of a Real Time Bus Arrival Time Prediction System under Indian Traffic Conditions. Technical Report. Center of Excellence in Urban Transport, The Ministry of Urban Development, Govt. of India. 2016.
2. Vanajakshi, L., B.A. Kumar, B.R. Muthurajan. Use of Global Positioning System (GPS) Data from MTC Bus Routes to Develop APTS/ATIS Applications. Technical Report. Center of Excellence in Urban Transport, The Ministry of Urban Development, Govt. of India. 2018.

1. Talk on “Dynamic Bus Scheduling Strategies for Indian Cities” 2nd Jan 2023, CBIT, Hyderabad.
2. Talk on “Dynamic Bus scheduling based on Real time demand and travel time,” Recent advancements leading to safe, sustainable and efficient transportation systems, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Nov 24-26, 2021, Madurai.
3. Talk on “Applications of Machine Learning for Efficient Public Transit Systems” in Online Faculty Development Programme On Emerging Transportation Technologies For Sustainable Smart Cities, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai, Nov 24-26, 2021.
4. Talk on “AI & ML for Efficient Public Transit Systems” in Faculty Development Program on Artificial Intelligence in REAL LIFE, PESITM, Shivamogga, Aug 30 - Sep 06, 2021.
5. Talk on “Empirical to Theory based Modelling of Indian Traffic” in International Conference on Contemporary and Sustainable Infrastructure, SJB Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India. 22 May 2021.
6. Talk on “Public Transit and its Role in Urban Mobility” in Faculty Development Program on Urban Mobility: Challenges & Opportunities, TKM College of Engineering, Kollam, Kerala, India. 08-14 September 2020.
7. Talk on “Deep Learning – Just Data or Domain Knowledge adds Value?” in Webinar Series of Transportation Research Group of India. 22 May 2020.
8. Talk on “Macroscopic Modeling Concepts and Applications”, AICTE Short Term Training Programme (STTP) on Modeling and Control of Traffic under Mixed Conditions, IIT Madras, Chennai, India. 01-07 December 2019.